{"id":639,"date":"2023-03-22T03:24:20","date_gmt":"2023-03-22T03:24:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/?p=639"},"modified":"2026-04-08T06:08:43","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T06:08:43","slug":"t-h-e-m","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/2023\/03\/22\/t-h-e-m\/","title":{"rendered":"T.H.E.M."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>T.H.E.M<\/em>. (The Handmade Electric Machines) are human-powered electronic sound sculptures exploring the generation of electronic sound through the transference of energy from human kinetic action. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-652\" width=\"906\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-615x346.jpg 615w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PXL_20230321_220844391-copy-edited-640x360.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">T.H.E.M. in Brisbane&#8217;s South Bank Parklands.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Three T.H.E.M. each comprise two different sound and light-making mechanisms to form an ensemble of electronic instruments that can be played together or separately to activate a range of sonic responses. The visual aesthetic of the specifically designed metal housing is inspired by early twentieth-century electrical enclosures and the imaginations of Nikola Tesla and Raymond Lowey. Each device is completely stand-alone, requiring only human energy to activate. Internal electronic circuitry explicitly responds to the power generated by audience participation. Bespoke handmade circuits then modulate electronic pulses of sound and light. The cranking interaction encourages participants to physically engage with the artwork and experience it in a more playful and immersive way. Each element is hand-powered, reinforcing our personal connection with electricity production at a time when societal methods of energy generation are in transition. Energy is produced by turning a crank attached to a dynamo within the device which, in turn, produces a low-voltage current powering handmade electronic circuits, amplifiers, speakers, and lights. Each device is completely stand-alone, requiring only human energy to activate. Internal electronic circuitry explicitly responds to the power generated by audience participation, which handmade circuits then transform into electronic sounds and light.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The project is designed by Daniel Della-Bosca, Andrew R. Brown, John Ferguson, and Timothy Tate, members of the Interactive Media Lab based at Griffith University. They are committed to sustainable concerns by maximising creative expression from limited materials and using small amounts of energy. Their intention is for the audience to appreciate their direct participation in generating renewable electricity and having fun being part of an ensemble of electronic instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Public Exhibition<br><\/strong>T.H.E.M. were commissioned by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldsciencefestival.com.au\/curiocity-artworks\">Curiocity Brisbane<\/a> 2023 and displayed as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldsciencefestival.com.au\/curiocity-brisbane\/them\">World Science Festival Brisbane<\/a> from Wednesday 22 March to Sunday 2 April, 2023 in the Clem Jones Activation Space, Riverside Green, South Bank Parklands, Brisbane, Australia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy-1024x427.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-667\" width=\"1024\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy-1024x427.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy-768x320.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy-615x256.jpg 615w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-on-site-2023-14-copy.jpg 1282w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Public interaction with T.H.E.M. in Brisbane&#8217;s South Bank Parklands.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"T.H.E.M. Public Interactions\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/811719743?h=13dbef7f4a&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"1505\" height=\"847\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Video of the first public interactions with T.H.E.M. during the Curiocity Festival 2023. A video of the second performance is <a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/manage\/videos\/815826223\">here<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An interview on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/brisbane\/programs\/mornings\/mornings\/102108798\">ABC Radio<\/a> with Rebecca Levingston introduced T.H.E.M. to Brisbane listeners and provides some details on how they work and how they sound. An excerpt from the program isolating the section relating to T.H.E.M. is below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/ABC-Radio-Interview-22-03-2023.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Interview by Rebecca Levingston with members of the T.H.E.M. team.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Performance<\/strong><br>Two performances of T.H.E.M. with three acoustic musicians were held as part of Curiocity Brisbane 2023. The composition was by Timothy Tate and the performers were Arthur Tan: French Horn, Yvette Ofa Agapow: Percussion, and Timothy Tate: Saxophone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"T.H.E.M. Performance 2023\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/811723392?h=ac8fd6e5b8&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"1505\" height=\"847\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A musical performance with The Handmade Electric Machines<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Workshops<\/strong><br>The team lead sold-out public workshops titled &#8220;Make a Circuit SING! An Introduction to Handmade Electronic Music&#8221; during the festival. The workshops introduced participants to the electronic components used in T.H.E.M., and how they are combined to create all kinds of sounds. Workshops were targeted at beginners and those with DIY electronics experience, where participants created handmade electronic circuits that SING and learned how to play them.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-1024x664.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-671\" width=\"837\" height=\"543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-1024x664.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-768x498.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-1536x997.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-2048x1329.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/workshop-collage-1-555x360.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 837px) 100vw, 837px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">T.H.E.M. workshops run by Timothy Tate and Angela Goh, in the CARI office at the Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University, during World Science Festival 2023<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Research and Development<br><\/strong>This research extends a tradition of hand-cranked sound machines that were popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These included mechanical sound devices such as street organs and noise machines, or &#8220;intonarumori&#8221;, designed by the futurist Luigi Russolo. In an age of renewable energy transformation, a reconnection with the hand crack as a power source is timely, and T.H.E.M. reinvents the hand-cranked noise machine for the 21st century. The internal electronics are also a bespoke design by the researchers that draw on DIY electronic techniques. This work exposes audiences to handmade electronic sound in a post-digital world.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"841\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/inside-THEM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/inside-THEM.jpeg 841w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/inside-THEM-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/inside-THEM-768x511.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/inside-THEM-541x360.jpeg 541w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 841px) 100vw, 841px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Electrical components inside T.H.E.M.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the process of developing T.H.E.M. we investigated the utilisation of low-power and budget-friendly electronic components as the foundation for constructing frugal electronic instruments. Building on the work of Nicholas Collins and Ray Wilson we focused specifically on the use of a 40106 integrated circuit (IC) along with passive components such as capacitors, resistors, transistors, and diodes. Our goal was to create expressive, low-power, and low-cost electronic instruments that use minimal components. Drawing on decades of work in experimental electronic music we developed a range of circuit schematics as building blocks for various synthesis functions, including VCO, Noise, Summing, VCF, AR, VCA, and Amplifier, as modules for designing low-power electronic synthesizers based on the CMOS 40106 integrated circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm-1024x419.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-645\" width=\"833\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm-1024x419.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm-768x314.png 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm-615x251.png 615w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-14-at-4.44.41-pm.png 1216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Samples of the audio circuitry: Audio rate square, pulse, and buffered triangle and pulse wave (with voltage divider for level control)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Design and Fabrication<\/strong><br>The housing for T.H.E.M. is made of sheet aluminium with polycarbonate and aluminium panels. The structure&#8217;s design was led by Daniel Della-Bosca and inspired by the aesthetics of the futurists from the early 20th century, when electric machines were in their infancy. The housing has a somewhat anthropomorphic two-part design, with the &#8216;head&#8217; containing the cranked dynamo and the audiovisual electronics. The &#8216;body&#8217; contains loudspeakers and additional ballast for stability. T.H.E.M. are human scale, with two being taller and one shorter to provide visual interest and to allow for easy cranking by people of different heights. The polycarbonate panels were transparent, allowing users to peer inside to see the workings, and were printed with artwork based on the electronic circuit designs. The cranks were specially made and fittings for the dynamos, handles, and crankshaft were designed and 3D printed by the team. The aluminium cases were professionally fabricated and powder coated, and the units were hand-assembled by the team.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-1024x348.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-688\" width=\"833\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-1024x348.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-768x261.png 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-1536x522.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-2048x696.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-Closeup-Collage-615x209.png 615w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Details of the physical design and structure of T.H.E.M.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Process Documentation<br><\/strong>The design and development of T.H.E.M required specifically-designed forms and electronics. These were developed through an iterative R&amp;D process involving numerous sketches, drafts, prototypes, and experiments. Samples of documentation from these developmental stages are assembled in the image collage below.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage-1024x869.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-642\" width=\"849\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage-1024x869.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage-768x652.png 768w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage-424x360.png 424w, https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/THEM-process-collage.png 1132w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Documentation of the development process.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T.H.E.M. (The Handmade Electric Machines) are human-powered electronic sound sculptures exploring the generation of electronic sound through the transference of energy from human kinetic action. Three T.H.E.M. each comprise two different sound and light-making mechanisms &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":665,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,14,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art","category-hardware","category-music"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=639"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":692,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639\/revisions\/692"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.explodingart.com\/arb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}